⛔ FDA Black Box Warning
WARNING: ADDICTION, ABUSE, AND MISUSE; LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION; ACCIDENTIAL INGESTION; ULTRA-RAPID METABOLISM OF CODEINE AND OTHER RISK FACTORS FOR LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION IN CHILDREN; MEDICATION ERRORS; INTERACTIONS WITH DRUGS AFFECTING CYTOCHROME P450 ISOENZYMES; CONCOMITANT USE WITH BENZODIAZEPINES OR OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS; NEONATAL OPOID WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME WARNING: ADDICTION, ABUSE, AND MISUSE; LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION; ACCIDENTIAL INGESTION; ULTRA-RAPID METABOLISM OF CODEINE AND OTHER RISK FACTORS FOR LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION IN CHILDREN; MEDICATION ERRORS; INTERACTIONS WITH DRUGS AFFECTING CYTOCHROME P450 ISOENZYMES; CONCOMITANT USE WITH BENZODIAZEPINES OR OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS; NEONATAL OPOID WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. TUXARIN ER exposes users to risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can lead to overdose and death. Assess patient's risk before prescribing and monitor closely for these behaviors and conditions. ( 5.1 ) Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur. Monitor closely, especially upon initiation or when used in patients at higher risk. ( 5.2 ) Accidental ingestion of TUXARIN ER, especially by children, can result in a fatal overdose of codeine. ( 5.2 ) Life-threatening respiratory depression and death have occurred in children who received codeine; most cases followed tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy, and many of the children had evidence of being an ultra-rapid metabolizer of codeine due to a CYP2D6 polymorphism. ( 5.3 ) TUXARIN ER is contraindicated in children younger than 12 years of age and in children younger than 18 years of age following tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy. ( 4 ) Avoid the use of TUXARIN ER in adolescents 12 to 18 years of age who have other risk factors that may increase their sensitivity to the respiratory depressant effects of codeine. Ensure accuracy when prescribing, dispe
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS TUXARIN ER is contraindicated for: All children younger than 12 years of age [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2 , 5.3 , 5.4) , Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. Postoperative management in children younger than 18 years of age following tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2 , 5.3) ]. TUXARIN ER is also contraindicated in patients with: Significant respiratory depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Acute or severe bronchial asthma in an unmonitored setting or in the absence of resuscitative equipment [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ]. Known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction, including paralytic ileus [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ]. Concurrent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or use of MAOIs within 14 days [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.13) , Drug Interactions (7.7) ]. Hypersensitivity to codeine, chlorpheniramine, or any of the inactive ingredients in TUXARIN ER [ see Adverse Reactions (6) ]. Persons known to be hypersensitive to certain other opioids may exhibit cross-reactivity to codeine. Children younger than 12 years of age ( 4 ) Significant respiratory depression. ( 4 ) Acute or severe bronchial asthma in an unmonitored setting or in absence of resuscitative equipment. ( 4 ) Known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction, including paralytic ileus. ( 4 ) Concurrent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) therapy or within the last 14 days. ( 4 ) Hypersensitivity to codeine or other opiates, chlorpheniramine, or any of the inactive ingredients in TUXARIN ER. ( 4 )
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary TUXARIN ER is not recommended for use in pregnant women, including during or immediately prior to labor. Prolonged use of opioids during pregnancy may cause neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.15) and Clinical Considerations ]. There are no available data with TUXARIN ER use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk for adverse developmental outcomes. Published studies with codeine have reported inconsistent findings and have important methodological limitations ( see Data ). There are reports of respiratory depression when codeine is used during labor and delivery (see Clinical Considerations ) . Reproductive toxicity studies have not been conducted with TUXARIN ER; however, studies are available with individual active ingredients ( see Data ). In animal reproduction studies, codeine administered by the oral route to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis increased resorptions and decreased fetal weights at a dose approximately 15 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) in the presence of maternal toxicity ( see Data ). Chlorpheniramine administered by the oral route to mice throughout pregnancy was embryolethal at a dose approximately 9 times the MRHD and decreased postnatal survival when dosing was continued after parturition. Chlorpheniramine administered by the oral route to male and female rats prior to mating produced embryolethality at a dose approximately 9 times the MRHD ( see Data ). Based on the animal data, advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Fetal/Neonat